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Ok ppl, this is my last post for this blog. i hav to rush up my written report by tuesday. so let me make this last post short n sweet.through this assignment, i understand more about cow's digestive system. i guess the only thing i m not satisfied about that is whether its four "stomachs" r actually stomachs or digestive compartments.and as for how twins are formed, i am also able to understand quite clearly through the videos i collected. now, another i also found out tat the government could use to their advantage(tat is to encourage more babies) by encouraging ppl to go for IVF. since IVF has more chances of producing twins, wont the number of babies increase if every couple went for IVF?well, i have to go now. i wan to thank the ppl reading my blog(if there r any in the first place) and hopefully when i grow up, i might become a specialist in one of those area n post my findings on another blog...byebye ^^26/7/08
Saturday
So this is my last info post. tomorrow i will have to warp everything up. mastery review is just next week and i wont hav time to post any mor posts. so on this second last post, i would like to share with u my "best answers" from yahoo answers.For the difference between the cow's digestive system and the human's digestive system:Actually cows do NOT have four stomachs. They have a four compartmented digestive system but have one true abomasum ..which like our stomach has pepsin and HCl. The rumen and reticulum are predigestive bacterial vats where carbohydrates and other food constituents are metabolized by bacteria under anaerobic conditions ( fermented ). This means that the dietary protein is altered in composition to more favor bacterial protein ( lower bilogical value than sayy soy or alfalfa ) and dietary carbohydrates are entirely converted to acetic , propionic and butyric ( plus a few other ) volatile fatty acids. The cow must make all her glucose from propionate at the tissue level. The bacteria and protozoa in the rumen and the reticulum ( a somewhat smaller vat on the downside of the rumen ) can digest materials we cannot like cardboard , whole cottonseed, etc etc . Another compartment called the omasum ( many plies ) absorbs a large amount of water coming from the rumen/reticulum with the bacterially digested mass before that mass enters the true stomach or abomasum..where partial digestion of the bacterially altered proteins and fats begins. Afte the abomasum the mass enters the small intestine and functions much like our system does .And for how twins are formed:Twins can be monozygotic (identical) where one sperm fertilises an egg wheich then splits and develops separately. They are identical because they inherited the same genes from the same sperm and egg. Alternatively, fraternal (non-identical) twins occurs when two eggs are released and are fertilised by different sperms. They can be of opposite sexes since the sperm carries the X or Y chromosome determining if the fotus will be male or female. Fraternal twins are no more likely to be alike than other siblings, it is simply two pregnacies occuring at the same time. Less frequently three or more eggs may be fertilised leading to triplets or other multiple births. IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) treatment for couples having trouble conceiving leads to multiple births. 1. The female is given hormonal treatment to bring about multiple ovulation (release of eggs from the ovary). 2. The eggs are collected using a fine tube. 3. Eggs are added to sperm from the partner or donor in a nutrient medium and allowed to incubate at 37oC for several days. 4. The pertri dish is examined under the microscope to look for presence of embryos (a tiny ball of cells formed by division of fertilised eggs) 5. Several embryos are implanted in the womb of the female at the time of the month when her womb is most developed for a potential pregnancy. 6. Unused embryos are frozen for use if the first attempt at IVF is unsuccessful. If two or more of the implanted embryos successfully implant in the female's womb then it will lead to multiple births. so a big ty for those who helped me answer my questions. tomorrow would then really be the last post. (wont have much to say in it though)23/7/08
Wednesday
here i am back with the topic: how r twins formed. sadly, as i have to submit my written report by next monday, i have to conclude both topics by this week. now on with the blog!after reviewing the data i hav, i was thinking just how special twins r. occuring in 1% of all pregnancies, it seems like a miracle beyond miracles.how wrong was i. by surfing the web, i found out tat twins can be formed at a higher chance during IVF. most IVF embryos r likely to developed into twins. thus if a couple wish to have twins, they r better off going through IVF.i had also found a detailed explaination on my yahoo answers. going to summaries tat in the next post. till then, bb!21/7/08
Monday
like i said in my last post, i m done with all my background research for this question. n i also decided to stick with that cows have four stomachs.....cause tats what all the website r saying. need mor reliable sources before i can safely say tat the four stomachs r actually digestive components.anyway, in the following week i would be summarising n finishing this question. all tat is left now is making a table n wait to hear wat ppl know about this question on yahoo answers.look forward to the finale next next week!17/7/08
Thursday
k i m also done with all the research i need for this topic. by next week i should be able to summarise my results. all i have to do next is to wait for more answers from yahoo answers. i think i should not go to more websites as it might cause me to get messy with all the data. so research stops here................WAIT!!!!! wats this? someone say that Actually cows do NOT have four stomachs. They have a four compartmented digestive system but have one true abomasum ..which like our stomach has pepsin and HCl.(dunno wat the last few words mean though)oh dear...so they r not actually stomachs but r digestive compartments? hmm...need to find out more on these "compartments", though it wont really affect my entire question as regardless of wat they r, they still do the same thing cause they r afterall the same objects, just with a different name.
16/8/08
Wednesday
ok, now its time for me to go back researching about the cows digestive system. since my last post on the topic, i only know the digestion process. still, little is known about the four stomachs. today i wen to find out more about them. this is wat i got from the website which i think is the easiest to understand.Ruminant animals, such as the dairy cow, have four stomach compartments called the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. The rumen is the largest and can hold up to 40 gallons of digesta and contains billions of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and other organisms. The bacteria can digest fiber allowing the dairy cow to consume grass, forages, and fibrous by-product feeds that humans or monogastric animals cannot do effectively. The abomasum is the stomach compartment similar to the human stomach.btw, i post my both my biojournal questions on yahoo answers. so if u know anything, i hope u can help enlighten me. thx. here's the links:http://sg.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080714054351AA7LJv9&pa=FYd1D2bwHTHzJbxmF.M_QgWK_etHl6S2w5ZW4lOCg7Bomw--&paid=asked&msgr_status=http://sg.answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=AiXFZHhKIW.ulU4Q_ZDytqs95Qt.;_ylv=3?qid=20080714053603AA76vdA
14/7/08
Monday
k, i was looking for a video to help me understand further on how thing r formed. did the same thing with my other topic to find out about the digestive system. down side, there was none on youtube for this topic. on the up side, i managed to find a clip on the formation of twins at a certain website. now on the downdown side, i was unable to download n upload it to the blog due to some unknown error....sad...anyway here's the url to the websitehttp://pennhealth.com/health_info/animationplayer/twins.html
now all u have to do is to let the video do the talking...pity i cant download it....10/7/08
Thursday
